Florida: Muhtasari wa haraka

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Road signs

Green Guide Signs give information about directions and distances; East-West routes have even numbers and North-South routes have odd numbers.
In Florida, mile markers indicate your location on an interstate, and they match with exit numbers.
Regulatory signs set legal limits and instructions for drivers and are enforceable by law, unlike yellow diamond-shaped warning signs, which merely alert drivers to conditions ahead.
A Stop Sign requires a complete stop before the stop line, or if none exists, before the crosswalk or intersection, at a point with a clear view of approaching traffic.
At an All Way Stop, traffic in every direction stops, and vehicles go in arrival order; if two arrive together, the driver yields to the vehicle on their right.
A Yield sign means slow down and give right-of-way to crossing vehicles; you may proceed slowly without a full stop if the way is clear.
Speeding Fines Doubled signs are posted in active school and work zones, warning that speeding fines double in that area.
A No Turn on Red sign means you must not turn right or left during the red light and must wait for the green signal.
A Divided Highway Ends sign warns that the divided highway ends 350 to 500 feet ahead and you will then be on a two-way roadway, so you should keep to the right.
A Low Clearance sign warns drivers not to enter if their vehicle is taller than the height listed on the sign.

Sign shapes and colors

Red traffic signs mean stop, do not enter, wrong way, or yield.
Fluorescent yellow-green signs give a high emphasis warning of school, pedestrian, and bicycling activity.

Traffic signals

Drivers, pedestrians, and bicycle riders must obey traffic signals except when an officer is directing traffic. If a signal is out of order and no law enforcement is present, treat the intersection as a four-way stop sign.
You may turn left from a one-way street onto a one-way street that has traffic moving to the left.
A flashing red light is used at dangerous intersections. Treat it like a stop sign: stop and proceed when safe.
A flashing yellow light is used at, or just before, dangerous intersections, and is also used to alert you to a warning sign such as a school crossing or sharp curve. Proceed with caution.
A red X lane signal means you should never drive in a lane under the red X.

Right of way & turning

If vehicles arrive at approximately the same time, each driver must yield to the drivers on their right.
At a two-way stop, the turning vehicle yields to the vehicle going straight.
At an open intersection, you must yield the right-of-way if you enter or cross a state highway from a secondary road, or if you enter a paved road from an unpaved road.
A roundabout is a circular intersection with no traffic signal. Roundabouts travel in a one-way, counter-clockwise direction.
Drivers entering the roundabout must yield to traffic already in the roundabout. If there is no traffic, you may enter without yielding.
You must give a turn signal at least 100 feet BEFORE making your turn.
Never make a three-point turn or a U-turn on a curve, a hill, the highway, or where there is a sign that prohibits U-turns.

Alcohol & drugs

At the time of arrest, your license will be administratively suspended if you have a breath or blood alcohol level (BAL) of .08 or above, or refuse to submit to the test.
If you refuse to take the tests when lawfully asked, your license will automatically be suspended for one year.
For a first DUI conviction, the standard fine is $500 to $1,000 (higher if BAL is .15 or higher or a minor was in the vehicle).
Any driver under 21 stopped with a BAL of .02 or higher automatically has their driving privilege suspended for six months.
Florida law states that if you are convicted of possessing, selling, or trafficking in drugs, including marijuana, your license must be suspended for a minimum of one year, plus a $1,500 fine.
The handbook states that even one drink of alcohol can affect your driving, slowing your reflexes and reaction time.
The handbook states that a DUI conviction must remain on your driving record for 75 years.

Speed & following distance

Doubling the speed means the braking distance and impact are 4 times greater.
Keep a minimum following distance of four seconds during favorable weather and traffic conditions, and increase it during unfavorable conditions.
It's against the law to follow a fire truck responding to an emergency closer than 500 feet.
Florida's standard speed limit in school zones is 20 MPH.
Florida's standard maximum speed limit in a municipal, business, or residential area is 30 MPH, except where otherwise posted.
Florida's standard speed limit on limited access highways is 70 MPH.

Sharing the road

Passing a stopped school bus carries a minimum fine of $265; if you pass on the side where children enter and exit, the minimum fine is $465.
Florida law requires giving bicyclists a minimum of three feet of clearance and using caution and slow speed when driving next to or passing them (p. 81).
Low-speed vehicles (LSV) are four-wheeled vehicles with top speeds of 21-25 mph; golf carts can be converted to LSVs (p. 85).
You must not attempt to share a lane with a motorcycle; the motorcyclist is entitled to the entire lane (p. 85).
Operators of motorcycles must wear a helmet unless they are 21 or older AND carry a medical insurance policy providing for at least $10,000 in medical benefits for injuries (p. 87).
On a two-way street or highway, all drivers moving in either direction must stop for a stopped school bus that is picking up or dropping off children, and must remain stopped until the stop signal is withdrawn and all children are clear of the roadway (p. 88).

Pedestrian rights

You should never enter the crosswalk when the raised hand is flashing or solid, but if you are already in the crosswalk when it begins flashing, quickly finish crossing.
You must stop and remain stopped for pedestrians crossing a street or driveway at any marked crossing or intersection (p. 88).
Come to a complete stop, yield the right-of-way, and use extra caution when approaching a visually impaired pedestrian carrying a white cane with a red tip or guided by a service animal, mobility-impaired persons, or children or confused/incapacitated pedestrians (p. 88).
Pedestrians must yield the right-of-way to vehicles if crossing a roadway at any point other than within a crosswalk, and must yield to vehicles in the crosswalk if the crosswalk signal is red or displays DON'T WALK (p. 88).

Railroad crossings

When approaching a highway-railroad crossing, slow down and be ready to stop; do not stop on the tracks or within 15 feet of the crossing.
The Crossbuck Sign is an X-shaped yield sign; you must yield the right-of-way to trains, and a sign below it shows the number of tracks if there is more than one.
Many crossings have gates with flashing red lights and bells; stop when the lights flash and before the gate lowers. It is against the law to drive around or under a gate, whether it is down or being opened or closed.

Signals & vehicle controls

Low beam headlights must show objects 150 feet ahead and be visible from 1,000 feet.
ABS prevents skidding and allows drivers to steer during an emergency braking situation, helping improve vehicle stability, steering, and stopping capability.
Blind spots are areas near the left and right rear corners of your vehicle that you can't see in your rear-view mirrors or with your peripheral vision.

Pavement markings

Yellow lane lines separate lanes of traffic moving in opposite directions.
Vehicles moving in either direction must not pass or cross double solid yellow lines, though a driver may still turn left or pass a bicyclist when it is safe to do so.
Red reflectors on lane lines always mean you are facing traffic the wrong way and could have a head-on collision. If you see red reflectors facing you on the lane lines, you are on the wrong side of the road. Turn around or get into the proper lane immediately.

Emergencies and special situations

You must move the vehicle so all four wheels are out of the traffic lanes as soon as possible; if you can't move it, you must have it moved.
When the power is out and traffic signals are not active, treat intersections as a four-way stop: vehicles move through in the order they arrived, and if multiple vehicles arrive at the same time, the driver on the left yields to the driver on the right.
If you are stalled at a railroad crossing and the warning lights begin to flash, 20 seconds is the minimal amount of time it takes a train to reach the grade crossing after the warning lights begin flashing.

Emergency vehicles & work zones

On a multi-lane roadway, you must vacate the lane closest to the stationary law enforcement, emergency vehicle, tow truck, sanitation, or utility vehicle, signaling your intention to change lanes.
If you cannot move over safely, you must slow down to a speed of 20 MPH below the posted speed limit.
Pull over to the closest edge of the roadway immediately and stop until the emergency vehicle has passed; do not block intersections (p. 83).

Financial responsibility & insurance

Florida requires a minimum of $10,000 in PIP coverage AND a minimum of $10,000 in PDL coverage.
It is against the law to leave the scene of a crash involving death, injury, or property damage.

Driving record & points

12 points within a 12-month period results in a 30-day suspension.
Unlawful speed 16 mph or more over the lawful or posted speed limit carries 4 points.
Texting while driving carries 3 points; 3 additional points are added if it occurred in a school zone, and 6 additional points are added if it resulted in a crash.

Seat belts & child safety

Florida law requires all drivers, front seat passengers, and passengers under the age of 18 to wear safety belts.
Children under age 4 must be in a safety seat, and children ages 4 and 5 must be in either a safety seat or a booster seat.

Distracted driving

The handbook states it is illegal in Florida to operate a motor vehicle while texting.
Florida law prohibits a person from operating a motor vehicle while using a wireless communications device in a handheld manner in a designated school crossing, school zone, or work zone.

Licensing basics

If under age 18, you must hold a learner's license for 12 months or until the 18th birthday, whichever comes first.
The Class E Knowledge Exam consists of 50 multiple-choice questions covering Florida traffic laws, safe driving practices, and identifying traffic controls.
A 16-year-old licensed driver may not drive between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m., unless driving to or from work or accompanied by a licensed driver age 21 or older.

Freeway driving

Merge into traffic when you can do so safely; you must yield the right-of-way to traffic on the highway. Do not stop in the acceleration lane unless traffic is too heavy and there is no space for you to enter safely.
Never stop on the pavement, shoulder, or connecting ramp except in an emergency. If your vehicle breaks down, you must move it completely off the pavement, no more than six hours.

Parking rules

Turn your wheels so that if your car starts to move, it will roll away from traffic or into the curb. When parking downhill, turn wheels to the curb.
You must not park within 15 feet of a fire hydrant.

Seniors and driving

All drivers 80 years of age or older who are renewing their license must pass a vision exam. It may be given at no additional charge at a driver license service center, or by the driver's own licensed health care practitioner using Form HSMV 72119.
Older Driver Courses, designed for drivers 65 and older, update participants on traffic laws and adapting driving habits, and some courses qualify drivers for a reduction in auto insurance costs.